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2) “relevant person” under section 305(1) of the SFA, which means:
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2 Terms and Conditions
You acknowledge that you have read these Terms and Conditions (“Terms”) prior to accessing the website located at www.robeco.com/sg (“Website”) and you agree to be bound by the Terms. If you do not agree to all of the Terms, you are not an authorised user and you should not use the Website. The Website is owned by Robeco Singapore Private Limited (company registration number: UEN. 201541306Z), which is licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (“MAS”) pursuant to the Securities and Futures Act 2001 (“SFA”) of Singapore, and is managed by Robeco Singapore Private Limited and/or its affiliates (collectively, as “Robeco”). The Website is intended for and should be accessed by institutional investors or accredited investors (as defined under Section 4A of the SFA) of Singapore. The Website is not directed to, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of or located in any locality, state, country or other jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to law or regulation or which would subject the Robeco to any registration or licensing requirement within such jurisdiction. It is your responsibility to observe all applicable laws, rules and regulations of any relevant jurisdiction. The content contained in the Website is owned by Robeco and/or its information providers and is protected by applicable copyrights, trademarks, service marks, and/or other intellectual property rights. You may not copy, distribute, modify, post, frame or link the Website, including any text, graphics, video, audio, software code, user interface, design or logos. You may not distribute, modify, transmit, reuse, repost, or use the content of the Website for public or commercial use, including all text, images, audio and/or video. Robeco may terminate your access to the Website for any reason, without prior notice. Neither Robeco, nor any of its associates, nor any director, officer or employee accepts any liability whatsoever for any loss arising directly or indirectly from the access of the Website. You agree to indemnity and hold Robeco, its associates, directors, officers or employees harmless against any and all claims, losses, liability, costs and expenses arising from your use of the Website due to violation of the Terms. Robeco reserves the right to change, modify, add or remove any parts of the Terms at any time and for any reason. The Terms shall deemed to be effective immediately upon posting. The Terms shall be governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, the law of Singapore.
Disclaimers
The Website has not been reviewed by the MAS. Accordingly, the Website may not be accessed directly or indirectly to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 304 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 305(1), or any person pursuant to Section 305(2), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 305, of the SFA, or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
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The funds referred to in the Website are for information only. It is not a recommendation or investment advice, nor does it mean the funds is suitable for all investors. The contents of the website is not reviewed by the MAS. Any decision to participate in the funds should be made only after reviewing the sections regarding investment considerations, conflicts of interest, risk factors and the relevant Singapore selling restrictions. The Funds referred in this Website are notified with the MAS and are only available to the professional investors in Hong Kong and to qualified investors in Singapore. You should consult your professional adviser if you are in doubt about the stringent restrictions applicable to the use of the Website, regulatory status of the funds, applicable regulatory protection, associated risks and suitability of the funds to your objectives.
Any decisions made based on the information contained in the Website are the sole responsibility of yours. Any investments made or to be made shall be with your independent analyses based on your financial situation and objectives. The investments and strategies contained in the Website may not be suitable for all investors and are not guaranteed by Robeco.
Investment involves risks and may lose value. Historical returns are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily reflect Robeco’s expectations for the future. The value of your investments may fluctuate. Past performance is no indication of current or future performance. The Website may contain projections or other forward looking statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies and such projection or forecast is not indicative of the future. The information contained in the Website, including any data, projections and underlying assumptions are based upon certain assumptions, management forecasts and analysis of information available on an “as is” basis and without warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, and reflects prevailing conditions and Robeco’s views as of the date published or indicated, and maybe superseded by subsequent events or for other reasons. The information contained in the Website are accordingly subject to change at any time without notice and Robeco are under no obligation to notify you of any of these changes. Robeco expressly disclaims all liability for errors and omissions in the information presented in the Website and for the use or interpretation by others of information contained in the Website.
Robeco Singapore Private Limited holds a capital markets services licence for fund management issued by the MAS and is subject to certain clientele restrictions under such licence. An investment will involve a high degree of risk, and you should consider carefully whether an investment is suitable for you.
Sustainable Investing
Sustainable technology
Sustainable technology is the application of industrial and digital solutions to enhance environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals. It spans diverse fields, including solar panel construction, artificial intelligence in healthcare, fintech digitalization, and recycling initiatives.
The first sustainable technology was arguably the construction of dams in ancient times to retain water in areas where it was scarce. The oldest known is the Jawa Dam in what is now modern Jordan that was built in the 4th millennium BC to irrigate dry land and make it suitable for farming.1
The most modern use of sustainable technology could be said to be the use of artificial intelligence to detect cancers or other human ailments that cannot be found using standard data or scanning, along with satellites than can detect deforestation from space.
Wind and solar have scaled up faster than any other sources of electricity in history - Global electricity generation, by technology (TWh)

Source: Wind and solar generation data from Ember annual electricity data, nuclear, gas, coal and hydro generation data from Pinto et al. (2023).
This graphic is based on a chart by Nat Bullard https://www.nathanielbullard.com/presentations
Global electricity generation technology expansion by technology (TWh), showing the time it has taken for key technologies to grow from 100 TWh to 1,000 TWh. Source: Ember.
Addressing climate change through sustainable technology
Due to the urgency in needing to tackle advancing climate change, much of the focus on sustainable technology has been on its environmental and biodiversity applications. These include:
Solar and wind power, using photovoltaic panels and wind turbines the size of skyscrapers. Percentage of renewable energy globally. Wind and solar have expanded from 0.2% of the global electricity mix in 2000 to 13.4% in 2023, according to Ember.2
Green hydrogen, in which hydrogen is created through electrolysis using energy from renewable sources (otherwise there is no net gain) and is seen as an alternative fuel for heavy transport. The global green hydrogen market was valued at USD 7.7 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to grow by more than 40% a year from 2024 to 2032.3
Carbon capture and storage, through technology that grabs emissions from industrial processes before they can enter the atmosphere. It remains in its infancy, currently capturing only about 0.1% of global emissions a year.4
Spy-in-the-sky satellites, such as the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 satellite, launched in 2014 as part of the Copernicus scientific program, in orbit around the Earth which can spot deforestation in palm oil plantations and also spot oil spills.
Biotechnology and enzymes to improve the diets of farm animals such as cows and other livestock which generate so much methane from passing gas that they account for an estimated 11% of global emissions. 5
AI has applications in healthcare, education and science, including using machine learning for climate change mapping. The digitalization trend is particularly prominent in financial technology which is transforming payment systems and ecommerce. Touch payments such as putting bank cards on phones received a boost during Covid as it removed the need to hand cash. It does have a flipside, however, in that the data centers needed to process fintech are big users of energy.
Open your portfolio to the power of themes
For over 25 years, Robeco has been a pioneering leader in constructing thematic strategies.
Reducing resource use
The circular economy theme has been growing as the world gradually moves away from the take-make-waste model of extracting resources to produce goods that are then mostly discarded. The circular model focuses on technology that can aid recycling, extend product life and reduce wasteful packaging. New technologies include developing biodegradable plastics and longer-life batteries.
Sustainable technology for social use includes innovations such as ride-sharing platforms which encourage people to share taxis and embrace carpooling rather than make separate trips. Knowledge-sharing platforms can also assist in making workplaces more inclusive, or in cybersecurity that makes online transactions safer and cuts crime.
Applications in governance include technologies that strengthen business conduct and improve shareholder relations. The use of hybrid and virtual voting systems during Covid, when in-person gatherings were briefly banned due to social distancing, was an innovation that was kept after the pandemic was over.
Footnotes
1https://www.britannica.com/technology/dam-engineering
2https://www.carbonbrief.org/wind-and-solar-are-fastest-growing-electricity-sources-in-history/
3https://www.gminsights.com/industry-analysis/green-hydrogen-market
4https://www.statista.com/topics/4101/carbon-capture-and-storage/
5https://www.c2es.org/content/international-emissions/